Kodi turbocharger ndi chiyani?

Chithunzi: Mawonedwe awiri a turbocharger yopanda mafuta yopangidwa ndi NASA.Chithunzi mwachilolezo cha NASA Glenn Research Center (NASA-GRC).

Kodi munayamba mwawonapo magalimoto akudutsa ndikudutsani ndi fusi la sooty lomwe likutuluka kuchokera kumtunda wawo?Ndizodziwikiratu kuti utsi wotulutsa mpweya umayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mpweya, koma sizikuwonekeratu kuti akuwononga mphamvu nthawi imodzi.Utsiwo ndi chisakanizo cha mipweya yotentha yomwe imatuluka mofulumira ndipo mphamvu yonse imene ili nayo—kutentha ndi kuyenda (mphamvu ya kinetic)—ikuzimiririka mopanda ntchito m’mlengalenga.Kodi sikungakhale kwaudongo ngati injiniyo ingagwiritsire ntchito mphamvu zowonongekazo mwanjira inayake kuti galimotoyo iziyenda mofulumira?Ndizo chimodzimodzi zomwe turbocharger imachita.

Injini zamagalimoto zimapanga mphamvu powotcha mafuta m'zitini zolimba zachitsulo zotchedwa masilinda.Mpweya umalowa mu silinda iliyonse, kusakaniza ndi mafuta, ndikuwotcha kuti pakhale kuphulika kwakung'ono komwe kumatulutsa pisitoni, kutembenuza zitsulo ndi magiya omwe amazungulira mawilo a galimotoyo.Pistoni ikabwerera mkati, imatulutsa mpweya wotayidwa ndi mafuta osakanikirana kuchokera mu silinda ngati utsi.Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe galimoto ingapange zimagwirizana mwachindunji ndi momwe imawotcha mafuta.Mukakhala ndi masilindala ochulukirapo komanso okulirapo, m'pamenenso galimoto imatha kuwotcha mafuta ambiri sekondi iliyonse ndipo (mwachidziwikire) imatha kupita mwachangu.

Njira imodzi yopangira galimoto kuti ipite mofulumira ndikuwonjezera masilinda.Ndicho chifukwa chake magalimoto othamanga kwambiri amakhala ndi masilinda asanu ndi atatu ndi khumi ndi awiri m'malo mwa masilinda anayi kapena asanu ndi limodzi m'galimoto yabanja wamba.Njira ina ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito turbocharger, yomwe imakakamiza mpweya wochuluka kulowa mu masilinda mphindi iliyonse kuti athe kuwotcha mafuta mwachangu.Turbocharger ndi chida chosavuta, chotsika mtengo, chowonjezera chomwe chimatha kupeza mphamvu zambiri kuchokera ku injini yomweyo!